Herniated discs are treated conservatively or through surgical interventions. Most cases of slipped discs do not require surgery and are mostly managed through conservative or nonsurgical measures. Uncomplicated herniation of the discs is usually managed with bed rest, in conjunction to a pharmacological therapy, consisting of nonsteroidal anti – inflammatory drugs and muscle relaxants. Bed rest is essential, as the pressure and spinal nerve is reduced from the affected side.

The NSAIDs are prescribed to alleviate the back pain and tissue swelling. Muscle relaxants are used to treat muscle spasms and stiffness. A complementary therapy of transcutaneous electrical stimulation is also used to relieve pain by releasing muscle tension and supporting muscle relaxation. The electrical impulses block the pain signals, increasing the one’s threshold to back pain.

The correct body mechanics and posturing is taught to prevent injuries and to maintain a healthier spine. An exercise program, mainly consisting of back strengthening exercises is prescribed to relieve back pains and muscle spasms. Massage and heat applications release muscle tension, decreases muscle spasms and alleviate pain. Conservative treatment of the herniated disc is prescribed for 2 to 6 weeks. Often, nonsurgical interventions are successful, with reported back pain relief and observed healing of the affected discs.

Surgery is commonly indicated for persons who have not responded to conservative management of slipped disc, or have demonstrated severe neurological deficits. Many surgical techniques are used to repair the herniated disc. The surgery of choice depends on the location of the affected vertebrae. A laminectomy is the most frequent surgery to treat and manage herniated nucleus pulposus. A part of the vertebra, the lamina is removed to relieve the pressure on the compressed nerves. Additionally, the herniated disc is removed in this surgery. Spinal fusion is also commonly done in surgical management of slipped disc by inserting a wedge – shaped bone draft between two or more vertebrae to encourage stability of the spine.

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